Question #N660

Although many are familiar with the “Great Wall of China,” the largest structure ever built by humans, the Great Wall of Gorgan, in northern Iran, has also earned the title of "largest man-made structure." This structure, built between the 3rd and 7th centuries AD, served as a protective barrier against the Sasanian Empire. It is said to be the first example of a defensive wall to incorporate a series of defensive towers.

Which of the following is the best way to rewrite the underlined portion of the passage, making sure it is consistent with the conventions of Standard English?
A. It is said to be the first example of a defensive wall that incorporates a series of defensive towers.
B. It is said to be the first example of a defensive wall, incorporating a series of defensive towers.
C. It is said to be the first example of a defensive wall; incorporating a series of defensive towers.
D. It is said to be the first example of a defensive wall—incorporating a series of defensive towers.

Correct Answer is: A

The best way to rewrite the underlined portion of the passage is to use a relative clause. Choice A creates a relative clause, which is grammatically correct, consistent with the conventions of Standard English, and maintains the meaning of the original sentence. Choice B is incorrect because it uses a comma to separate an independent clause from a dependent clause, which creates a comma splice. Choice C is incorrect because it uses a semicolon to separate an independent clause from a dependent clause, which creates a semicolon splice. Choice D is incorrect because it uses a dash to separate an independent clause from a dependent clause, which is not grammatically correct.